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Fitting the Hinges
With the door on its edge and the hinge side uppermost, measure down from the top of the door 180 mm and with a square up to this mark, and against the inside face of the door, draw a line equal to the width of the hinge leaf. Next, place the top of the open hinge onto this line and using a sharp pencil, place a second mark, which is the length of the hinge and extend it to the same length as the first. Now set the marking gauge to the width of the hinge leaf by resting it against the edge of the hinge and adjust it so that the marking pin is up to the joint. Gauge a line between the two lines that you have drawn, ensuring |
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that the marking gauge is up against the inside face of the door. You now have the position of the hinge on your door; you can check its accuracy by placing the hinge over it.
The next step is to mark the thickness of the hinge, which is the amount that the door needs to be recessed. Using the marking gauge, set it to the exact thickness of the hinge leaf and transfer this distance onto the door face, this time gauging from the door edge. Follow the same procedure for fitting the bottom hinge, the only difference being that you measure up from the bottom of the door 255 mm with the first line. Heavy doors will require a third hinge, which should be placed in the centre, between the top and bottom hinge. |
Cutting out
With your wood chisel held vertically, follow the inside of the lines that you have drawn onto the door edge, striking downward to the required depth. Next, with the chisel held at an angle, chisel the area to be recessed, working in the same direction as the grain, then remove the loosened timber to the depth that you have gauged, working across the grain. Continue to trim the recess until the hinge leaf fits snugly into the door, making sure not to cut too deep. If you have done this correctly, the hinge should fit so that it is flush with the door edge when it has been screwed in place.
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Screw sizes depends on the type and size of hinge used. The size of hinge for an external door is 100 mm, the screw size is either 'No 8 or 10's gauge' by about 30 mm long. The correct size should fit into the countersunk screw hole so that the head of the screw finishes flush with the surface of the hinge.
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Hanging the Door
Now that the hinges have been fitted, their position will need to be transferred from the door onto the door frame, this should be done in such a way so that they correspond to the door and at the same time position the door in the frame so that the gap at the top is 3mm. |
There are two methods of doing this:
1. Using a Staff
You could use a staff with a square cut end, (a length of timber, 25mm x 10mm for example) 3mm longer than the door's prepared length. Using a square, draw a line 3mm down from the top of the staff, and place the staff onto the door edge, with the 3mm mark to the top corner of the door's edge (the 3mm excess will overhang the top of the door). This overhang provides the required 3mm 'top gap' for when the door is hung. Holding the staff in this position, mark the position |
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of the hinges onto it. Now, place the staff onto the side of the door frame where the hinges are to be fitted, with the top tight up to the frame head and using a sharp pencil, carefully transfer the marks from the staff onto the door frame.
2. Using the Door
Alternatively, you could use the door as your 'staff'. By placing the door in the opening and with the aid of wedges, set the door to the correct position, raising it so that the gap at the top between it and the frame is 3mm. With the door held in this position, mark the position of the hinges from the door directly onto the doorframe then remove the door. Lines can now be drawn, about 18mm long from the marks, which should be square off the door frame.
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